Hebei Jialiang pollen company's kiwifruit male pollen use methods, artificial pollination methods and precautions. Spring is not only a season full of vitality, but also a beautiful, magical and hopeful season. March and April of each year are the period of concentrated flower bud thinning and pollination of Sancha kiwifruit. Due to the short flowering period of kiwifruit and the key link of pollination, many fruit farmers work overtime to regain the time lost due to the epidemic

Artificial pollination method of Kiwifruit
1. Flower pollination: pollinate the open male anther directly against the stigma of the female flower. Slow speed, low work efficiency, suitable for small area.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

2. Manual instruction with feather pen: collect the anthers of male flowers that open that day in the morning, put them into an open cup, use chicken feather flannelette or duck down, a few are enough, tie them to a bamboo stick, gently flick and sprinkle them on the stigma of female flowers with chicken feather or brush, and give eight female flowers at each point, stained with pollen.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
In large kiwifruit orchards, you can buy commercial kiwifruit pollen, wake up the powder before use, and mix it evenly with a special diluent for pollen. The unused Kiwi pollen shall be refrigerated and stored in time.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

3. Kiwifruit electric pollinator pollination: it is the most popular pollination method at present. It uses the battery to drive the small fan to evenly send the mixed pollen out of the nozzle and keep moving towards the female flower for pollination. High work efficiency. An imported pollinator can pollinate about 10 mu of land per person per day (actually working for half a day), which is 15-20 times the efficiency of artificial pollination, and saves pollen and is not affected by the weather. Pollinator pollination of banyan is the main way of artificial pollination in the future.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

4. blowing pollination: it is a method adopted in foreign countries. When the male flowers of male and female varieties meet at the flowering stage, a large-scale mechanical spray is operated between the tree rows, and the wind blown by the spray is used to blow the male pollen away and diffuse, so as to achieve the pollination effect of natural wind.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

5. Syringe artificial pollination method: take off 10ml before injecting the needle head, then fill it with pollen, select the appropriate flower, and gently apply it to the pistil stigma (do not hurt the pistil).
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
(kiwifruit needle pollination, this method is widely used in Shaanxi kiwifruit Park, and the effect is not evaluated)

6. Bee pollination: macaque peach flowers have no nectaries and produce less honey, which is not attractive to bees. Therefore, a large amount of bees are needed for bee pollination. There should be a box of bees in about two acres of macaque peach garden, with no less than 30000 vigorous bees in each box. Generally, when about 10% of the female flowers are open, move the hive into the garden, which will make the bees accustomed to other nectar plants outside the garden and reduce the number of Kiwi pollen collection. It should be noted that plants with the same flowering period as kiwifruit (Robinia pseudoacacia and persimmon are similar to kiwifruit) should not be left in and near the orchard to avoid dispersing bees. In order to enhance the vitality of bees, feed each box of bees with 1 liter of 50% sugar water every two days, and the hive should also be placed in a sunny place in the garden.

Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
Collection and preparation of kiwifruit pollen
1. Manual powder mining. Generally, there are two ways. One is to take the anthers of the opened male flowers with a tooth hair brush and stack them together for drying. The second is to use scissors to cut the anthers directly with the petals of the bell flowers whose male flowers are about to open in half, and stack them intensively for drying.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

2. Machine mining. Using the pollen separation machine, the collected bell flowers are sent to the machine for peeling, powder taking, centralized screening and drying. There are also large-scale powder suction machines using vacuum cleaners in foreign countries. When the male kiwifruit trees bloom, they directly hold the suction nozzle against the male flowers and move back and forth to suck and collect powder.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
(Kiwi pollen separator)

3. Pollen drying. The pollen collected by either method shall be dried and blasted. Air or dry at 25-28 ℃ for about 6 hours. The dried pollen mixture (mainly anthers, filaments and even petals) can be directly crushed and bottled for use (crushed by grinding tank or micro crusher or wine bottle). The dried pollen mixture can also be screened again to extract relatively pure pollen (grains) and bottled for standby.

Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
Kiwifruit pollen storage and preservation
1. If the pollen purchased in the current year is not used up, it can also be put into a sealed container and placed in the freezer of the refrigerator. As long as it is kept dry and low temperature (the lower the temperature is, the better. It is best to store it in a low temperature warehouse of minus 15-20 degrees; it can also be stored in a household refrigerator or freezer), the pollen activity will be tight in the second year and can be used again.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

2. For the pollen stored in the freezer two days before use, when the pollen is consistent with the external ambient temperature, take it out of the packaging bag, spread it on clean paper, put it in a cool and ventilated environment for natural moisture absorption, and then reuse it. Special reminder: pollen is prohibited from contacting with water.

Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
Application method of kiwifruit pollen
1. Pollen blending. The sifted and purified pollen needs to be mixed with the auxiliary materials in the ratio of 1:2 for easy use. Stone pine nuts are generally used as auxiliary materials.

2. Dosage. Due to the different number of female trees per mu, the amount of pollen (mixed powder) per mu is different; Generally, 20-25g pure powder is used per mu, and 80-150g mixed powder is used per mu. Here's a special note: the flowering period is short. Generally, the full flowering period of female plants of Chinese red heart varieties is no more than 5 days. Make sure to pollinate at least twice in these four days. Don't interrupt because the pollen can't keep up.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
It is suggested to prepare more than 10 grams of pollen per mu. If it is left, it can be stored and used next year. But if it is not enough, it will be delayed for a year. There are two comparisons, one is the investment at the level of 100 yuan and the other is the loss at the level of 10000 yuan. It is obvious which is more important or less.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

3. Pollination times. Generally, artificial pollination is best for three times. The first time is when the first flower is 30% open, the second time is 50-70%, and the third time is 80%. That is, after the female flower opens, pollinate continuously for three days, once a day. However, the weather is cold or rainy, the flowering period is prolonged, and the flowering rhythm is slow. Continuous pollination may be carried out for many times to ensure the pollination effect. Pollination on sunny days is recommended before 12 noon, because the temperature at noon is high. Cloudy days can be carried out all day.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

4. Pollen awakening. For pure pollen stored in low-temperature freezer or refrigerator or purchased directly, it must be activated before use. The method is to put the pollen in a container, put the container with pollen into the water basin and seal it for about 8 hours (do not directly contact the water with the pollen), so that the dried pollen can absorb moisture and recover, and ensure the recovery of activity before it can be used.

Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen
(male flower of kiwifruit on the left, female flower on the right, with obvious ovary in the middle, forming young fruit of kiwifruit)
Precautions for Kiwifruit pollination
1. Spray powder with aqueous solution. Do not easily believe that some books or materials on the introduction of aqueous solution pollination. It is reported that "hard water" containing mineral elements has an impact on pollen vitality and is the worst pollination method with poor pollination effect. According to the experience of kiwifruit industry, pollen must be mixed with distilled water in order to ensure the necessary pollination range. In general, without these conditions, it is recommended to eliminate this pollination method with no guaranteed effect verified by practice.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

2. Pollen is common to each other. As long as it is kiwifruit of kiwifruit family, the pollen can be used for each other. There is no change in variety characters and variation, so there is no need to worry about production.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

3. Pollination time. Pollination shall be started according to the early flowering period of the varieties (about 15-30% of the flowers are open). Generally, the best pollination period is before 10:00 pm and after 16:00 PM when there is mucus secretion and male flowers loose pollen on the style head (avoid local temperature at noon, and pollination is not suitable when the temperature exceeds 28 degrees), so as to ensure good germination conditions of flower pollen grains on the style head. It is best to pollinate in the morning when the temperature is 18-24 ° C.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

4. In case of bad weather, seize the time to rush to grant, and strive to grant more than 1-2 times. If it rains within 4 hours after pollination, it needs to be re pollinated.

5. The pollen left after pollination has not been dried, and the pollen germination rate is less than 15%, so it can not be used as pollination pollen. If it is not used for a long time, it must be packaged and placed in the low-temperature freezer to prevent moisture.
Methods and precautions of artificial pollination of kiwifruit pollen

6. Purchase of kiwifruit pollen: generally, the pollen used in the current year is purchased ten days before the flowering of kiwifruit, and the purchase amount is 120% of the normal use amount. Because if the amount of pollen is not enough, it will seriously affect the yield of that year. If there is surplus, it can be used again next year.

Hebei jialiangliang pollen company is the largest Kiwi tree planting enterprise, with a kiwi base of 1200 mu in Bijie City, Guizhou Province. The kiwi fruit base began to collect flowers in 2018. Our company brings bumper harvests to international farmers through high-quality pollen and advanced management technology. Our contact information is tel86-13932185935 e-mail: 369535536@qq.com